The song was directed to the "Rude Boys" of the ghettos of Jamaica at the time, sending them a message to cool down or "Simmer Down" with all the violence and crime going on in Kingston. The subject matter of "Simmer Down" made The Wailers stand out amongst their contemporaries. The Wailers at this time containedBob Marley, Bunny Wailer, Peter Tosh, Junior Braithwaite, Cherry Smith and Beverley Kelso.